Sliding and pivoting window



Oct. 1, 1963 w. E. JONES ETAL sunmc AND PIVOTING wnmow 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 8, 1959 A \fiv ATTORNEY Oct. 1, 1963 w. E. JONES ETAL SLIDING AND PIVOT'ING WINDOW 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Sept. 8. 1959 @wuw TTORNEY W/LL/AM EMME77 JONES HENRY FRANKLIN "*H/LSCHER W. E. JONES ETAL SLIDING AND PIVOTING WINDOW 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 I Filed Sept. 8, 1959 s WN/WW m. T IMW A mmM w m um i LM R Z wpw Oct. 1, 1963 LE. JONES ETAL SLIDING AND PIVOTING WINDOW Filed Sept. 8, 1959 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTORS. WILL/AM EMMETT JONES A TTORNE Y HENRY FRANKLIN H/LSCHEP l I b I I0. II!

United States Patent 3,105,576 SLlDlNG AND PIVQTING WINBGW William E. Jones, 1221 N. Hawthorne Lane, and Henry F. Hilscher, 4220 Crittenden, both of Indianapolis, Ind. Filed Sept. 8, 1959, Ser. No. 838,554 7 Claims. (U. 189-65} This invention relates to windows and more particularly to double-hung, double-glazed windows having each sash pivotally mounted to a stile which slides in a window frame.

Efforts to develop a sliding, pivoting window have not succeeded in producing a window which is economical to produce and install and which is entirely satisfactory in service. A satisfactory sliding, pivoting window must be easy to open but weather tight when closed, stable when pivoted to any given open position, constructed from simple, inexpensive parts, and rattle free. Each of these requirements must be met without sacrificing any of the features of a window.

The preferred material for window frame construction is aluminum because it can readily be extruded and extruded parts can be supplied in long lengths to be cut as needed to the size required for a given window. On the other hand, aluminum windows are diflicult to operate because the thin oxide film which forms on the surfaces of the aluminum parts imparts high functional characteristics to them which prevents them from sliding easily against one another. If the windows are not used frequently the oxide film accumulates, thus aggravating this binding problem.

Weather sealing of the windows must include a seal between the pivoting window panels at the point where they meet each other, between the windows and the sliding stiles to which they are pivotally connected and between the sliding stiles and the window frame. Such weather seals as are employed must completely seal all passages through which air may pass. In addition, they must be easily removable so that worn weather seals may be replaced.

The tendency for a pivoted window to rotate to a closed position when placed in a given open position must be prevented. Preferably, the mechanism employed for this purpose should be capable of holding the window in any pivoted position rather than in a limited number of predetermined positions. It should function automatically without manipulation of an auxiliary manually-operable locking mechanism but the automatic operation should not interfere with easy pivoting of the window. A minimum effort should be required for this operation.

Some provision should be made for double-glazed windows since low temperature climates require double glazing (storm windows) for thermal insulation. Nevertheless, pivoted windows are not easily fitted with storm windows which do not interfere with pivoting. The storm window cannot simply be fastened permanently to the window frame since it would thereby interfere with the pivoting of the window. The storm sash must either pivot with the window or be removed when the window is pivoted.

The window sashes should be easily removable from the window frame for cleaning and to permit the frame to be installed when a building is erected for later insertion of the windows.

The difiiculty of satisfying all of these requirements has resulted in a failure to produce a window which is entirely satisfactory from all standpoints. The present invention provides a window which overcomes these difliculties by a combination of structural features which cooperate to provide a window which is economical to manufacture and install and which. meets the foresaid requirements.

The sliding, pivoted window of this invention includes a frame with tracks, stiles sliding in the tracks and sashes pivotally mounted on the stiles. Two window panes are mounted in each sash to form a substantially Weather tight insulating air space between them. One of the window panes of each sash, preferably the inner one, is mounted in a separate metal casing or channel member which is held in the sash so that it may be removed easily. This provides the thermal insulation of double-glazing only when desired. Easy removal of one of the window panes permits elimination of this insulation when climatic conditions permit and facilitates cleaning of the surfaces of the glass window panes facing each other and removal of water condensed between the window panes.

Each sash is mounted pivotally to a pair of sliding stiles to form a sash-stile assembly unit. Resilient rubber or plastic strips, running lengthwise along the stiles seal the space between the sashes and the stiles, and also serve to maintain the window in a fixed, pivoted position by frictional engagement and lateral pressure against the window sash. The pivotal connection has limited axial resiliency so that the sashes may move forward and away from the stiles in the direction of the pivoting axis to cooperate with a resilient track along which the stiles slide and pro vide a combination of resiliency which permits the window to be pivoted with minimum effort in spite of a frictional binding action of the weather-tight seals against the pivoting window sash. The resilient couplings draw the stiles against the sash with sufficient pressure when the sash is not being manipulated to prevent it from swinging once pivoted to a given open position. weather-tight seals are also provided between the sashes at the junction point at which the lower rail of the upper sash and the upper rail of the lower sash meet when the sashes are closed, and between the sashes and the top and bottom of the window frame, thus preventing air leakage when the window is closed.

The window frame into which the sashes and stiles are fitted is provided with a pair of opposed parallel sides, incorporating track mechanisms along which the stiles slide. Each track mechanism includes one resilientlymounted, displaceable track at one side of the window with a plastic running surface having low frictional characteristics for the slidingof the stile against it and a fixed track formed in a groove at the other side of the window having a similar plastic running surface. The displaceable track is movable in the window frame to permit insertion and removal of the window sash-stile assembly by pushing one side of the sash-stile assembly laterally against the displaceable track until the other side of the sash-stile assembly clears the other side of the frame so that the assembly can be inserted into or withdrawn from'the groove hav-' ing the fixed track.

The window of this invention will be better understood from the following description of a preferred embodiment in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a front elevation of the window viewed from inside;

FIG. 2 is a vertical section along line 22 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a horizontal section taken along line 33 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a corner joint of a removable window unit;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged. horizontal section showing the manner in which a removable window fits into a sash;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged end view of the pivotal connection between a sash and a stile;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged vertical section along line 7-7 of FIG. 6;

Resilient of the grooves.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged horizontal section along line 8-8 of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged horizontal section showing a air block between adjacent stiles;

' FIG. 10 is a vertical section along line 1010 of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged vertical section showing the weather sealing between upper and lower sashes;

FIG. 12 is a section through a window pane showing a muntin;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged partial front elevation of the corner joint of a window sash;

FIG. 14 is an enlarged partial front elevation of an upper window sash;

FIG. 15 is an enlarged partial front elevation of a lower window sash;

FIG. 16 is a partial front elevation of a finish trim;

FIG. 17 is a partial front elevation of a window frame;

FIG. 18 is a fragmentary view of the window showing a modified type of air block; and

FIG. 19 is a fragmentary view of the window showing a pivot lock.

The sliding and pivoting window includes three basic units, a permanent frame unit, rigidly fastened to a building and upper and lower removable window sash-stile units which are slidably fitted into the frame unit.

The frame unit includes an outer finish-trim unit 1 and an inner unit 2 including upper, lower and parallel side members in which the window stiles are slidably mounted.

The outer finish trim unit 1 includes an upper head finish-trim 3, a lower sill finish-trim 4, and a pair of side frame finish-trims and 6, all of which are extruded metal shapes, and have laterally-projecting plates 7, 8, 9 and which are secured against the outer face of frame member 11 of a building and laterally outwardly-projecting flanges 12, 13, 14 and which fit within the brick or other facing of the building to which they may be sealed by caulking. Preferably, the outwardly-projecting flanges 12 and 15 of the upper head finish-trim 3 and the sill finish tn'm 4 are outwardly and downwardly inclined to provide for water run-off. The side frame finish trims 5 and 6 have longitudinally-extending, tube-like projections 16 and 17, the ends of which receive screws 18 and 19 passing through the outwardlyprojecting flanges 12 and 15 of the head and sill finish trims, respectively, to fasten together the members of the outer finishtrim unit 1.

In order to support the inner frame unit 2 the members of the outer frame unit 1 are provided with L- shaped retaining flanges 20, 21, 22 and 23, extending inwardly from the inner face of laterally-projecting plates 7, 8, 9 and 10 respectively, which cooperate with each other and the laterally projecting plates to form a continuous channel around the four sides of the outer finish trim unit into which the inner frame unit fits.

The inner frame unit 2 includes-an upper head frame 24, a lower sill frame 25, and side frames 26 and 27, each of which may be an extrusion, Each has a laterally-projecting outer plate 28 which fits into the channel formed by the L-shaped retaining flanges 20, 21, 22 and 23 of the outer finish-trim unit 1. The side frames include oppositely disposed inner and outer tracks in which the stiles slide.

The side frame 27, at the right-hand side of the inner frame unit 2, as viewed in FIGURE 3, is generally U- shaped and has a pair of parallel plates 28 and 33 joined by a base member 34. The base member has formed therein vertically-extending grooves 29, 29', 30 and 30' which have generally semi-circular cross-sections and in which are fitted liners 31, 31, 32 and 32' retained in place by the protruding edges 351and 36 at the outer edges The liners, which form tracks against which the window sash-stile units slide, are extrusions of a synthetic plastic material having low surface frictional characteristics for sliding of aluminum and other metal parts against it. Suitable plastics include vinyl resins, polyethylenes, acrylics, polystyrenes, polyamides of the nylon type, and phenolic resins. There are a pair of channels, 37 and 38, enclosed by 'U-shaped members, including outer and inner sides 39 and 39', and 49 and 40' and joinedbase portions 41 and 41' in the side frame 27 to receive balance mechanisms which maintain the window sash-stile units in any given vertical position to which they have been raised; These balances may be of the spring or any other conventional type and form no part of th present invention. Circular, tube-like projections 42 and 42 extend along the laterally outer faces of the base portions 41 and 41' of the balance channel enclosing members and the ends of these projections receive screws 43 and 44 passing through the upper head frame 24 and the lower sill frame 25 to secure together the members of the inner frame unit 2.

The side frame 26 at the left-hand side of the window is generally H-shaped and has outer and inner parallel laterally-projecting plates 45 and 46 joined by a bridging member 47. A central divider 48 projects from the laterally-inner face of bridging member 47 to divide the space between parallel plates 45 and 46 into outer and inner track channels 49 and 50. Flanges 51, 511, 52 and 52' extend partially across the opening into the track channels from the laterally-inner edges of the parallel plates 45 and 46 and the divider 48 which retain outer and inner displaceable tracks 53 and 54 in the track channels against the pressure of track springs55 and 56. The displaceable tracks 53 and 54 in the track channels preferably are extrusions of a plastic similar to that of liners 29, 29, 30 and 30' and have vertically extending grooves 57, 57', 58 and 58' of generally semi-circular shape, in cross-section, in which the stiles slide. Spring retaining ribs 59, 59', 6t and 60' project from the laterally-inner face of the bridging member '47 into the track channels 49 and 50 and retain the track springs 55 and 56 in fixed position in the track channels. The tracks are resiliently urged towards retaining flanges 51, 51, 52 and 52 by the springs and press resiliently against the stiles. Weather seals 262 and 203 of a pile fabric or other resilient weather stripping are mounted in the outer walls of the tracks channels and urge the displaceable tracks 53 and 54 against the inner walls of the track channels.

Circular, tube-like projections 61 and 61', similar to the projections 42 and 42', extend along the laterally outer surface of the bridging member 47 and the ends thereof receive screws 62 and 62' passing through upper head frame 24 and lower sill frame 25, respectively, to secure the inner frame unit 2.

The upper head frame 24, FIG. 2, is a U-shaped metal extrusion having a groove 63 extending lengthwise along the lower surface of the base thereof. A weather seal 64 of pile fabric or other suitable weather stripping is secured in this groove and is engaged by the upper rail of the upper window sash 65 when the window is closed to form an effective weather seal.

The lower sill frame 25 also maybe a metal extrusion and includes a generally horizontal sill 66 and an integral, downwardly-extending flange 67 which rests on a building frame member and provides additional vertical support. The outer portion 68 of the sill inclines outwardly and downwardly so that rain Water will run off. The inner portion 69 is horizontal and rests upon the frame members 7 ii of the building. A pair of upwardly-extending ribs 71 and 72 along the horizontal section form a channel for receiving a part of the lower rail of the lower window sash when the window is closed. The outer upwardly-extending rib 71 projects slightly outwardly and is engaged by and urges the lower window sash 73 inwardly against weather stripping 74 secured to the outer face of the inner upwardly-extending rib 72 when the lower sash is closed. 1

The removable sash-stile units include stiles 75 and 76 for the upper sash stiles, 77 and 78 for the lower sash stiles, and upper and lower window sashes 65 and 73 pivotally mounted thereto.

In the preferred embodiment shown, the slide members of the upper and lower sashes are substantially identical, but the upper and lower horizontal rails of each of the upper and lower sashes are different to provide appropriate structural elements suitable for weather sealing between themselves and between the upper rail of the upper sash and the upper head frame 24 and between the lower rail of the lower sash and the sill frame 25.

The side members 79 and 79' of the upper sash, and the side members 80 and 81) of the lower sash may be extrusions and are generally H-shaped. Each includes a pair of parallel side plates 81 and 32, FIG. 8, and a central bridging member 83 defining laterally inner and outer channels 84 and 85. A longitudinally-extending separator flange 86 divides the laterally inner channel 84 into outer and inner window-retaining grooves 87 and 88. The outer surface of separator flange 85 carries a raised shoulder 89 which positions and prevents lateral movement of a windowpane resting against the separator flange 86. The shoulder 89 is approximately the same distance from central bridging member 83 as the laterally inner edge 90 of side plate 81 while the separator flange itself extends farther from the bridging member 83 than does side plate 81 to facilitate the placing of a windowpane in the sash. This enables a windowpane to be placed against the separator flange 86 directly from the front of the sash without having to maneuver it past the outer side plate 81. The laterally-inner edge of said plate 82 is turned inwardly to form a small raised shoulder 91 which limits lateral motion of a removable windowpane when fitted in inner groove 88.

The opening into the laterally-outer channel 85 is partially closed by sealing flanges 92 and 93, extending towards each other from the parallel sides plates 81 and 82. These sealing flanges engage with the resilient seals 94 and 95 along the stiles to normally seal the space between the window sashes and the stiles, and preferably the window sash sealing flanges 92 and 93 have curved grooves 96 and 97 in their laterally-outer surfaces for interlocking engagement with the convex outer surface of the resilient seals. When the window sashes are pivoted to open them the convex surfaces of the resilient seals are unseated from the grooves 96 and 97 and the side members of the window sashes are cammed away from the stiles so that the space between the sashes and stiles is expanded. When the window sashes have been moved to a pivoted position, the sealing flanges 92 and 93 engage frictionally with resilient seals 94 and 95 to maintain the window in its pivoted position and the flat portions of each flange lying on the sides of grooves 96 and 97 compress the resilient seals to provide improved frictional resistance to the tendency of the sash to swing about its pivot.

The horizontal members of the sashes include a top rail 98 and a meeting rail 99 on the upper sash, and a bottom rail 100 and a meeting rail 101 on the lower sash, with the meeting rails 99 and 191 cooperating to form a weather seal. The rails include laterally inner and outer sections, the laterally inner sections, which serve to hold windowpanes, being substantially identical, and the laterally outer sections having different shapes to provide structural elements for cooperation with other elements as weather seals. The laterally inner and outer sections of the rails are separated by horizontal bridging members 102, 103, 104 and 1135, each of which carries a longitudinally-extending, outer retaining plate 106 and a central retaining flange 197 to form the permanent windowpane retaining section. The outer surfaces of the central retaining flanges carry retaining shoulders 108, 199, 111 and 111 spaced approximately as far from the horizontal bridging members 102, 103, 104 and 165 as the laterallyinner edges 112 of the outer retaining plates 1% which cooperate with the resilient bead 156 to prevent lateral movement of a windowpane placed against the central retaining flange 107 and for the same purpose as the corresponding parts of the side members of the window sash 79, 79, 86 and 81), FIG. 3.

The top rail 98 has an upper weather seal section of generally U-shaped cross-section including, as a base, horizontal bridging member 1132 and upwardly-extending legs 113 and 114. The inner leg 114- engages the weather seal 64 of the upper head frame 24 when the window is closed. The weather seal section of the meeting rail 99 is an inwardly-extending sealing ledge 115 extending along the meeting rail and carrying a sealing rib 116, the sides of which are tapered to meet at a sharpened edge extending therealong, and which engages an elastomeric weather seal 117 on the lower sash when the window is closed. The meeting rail 99 may have the shape of a rectangular tube, as shown in FIG. 2, the top of which is the bridging member 193, to provide structural reinforcement. As shown, the sealing ledge 115 projects from the lower portion of the tubular section. A longitudinally-extending L-shape flange 118 extends downwardly from meeting rail 99 and may be used as a handle to facilitate manipulating the window, particularly in lowering it.

The meeting rail 1111 of the lower window sash has an outwardly-extending sealing ledge 119 having a longitudinal channel formed therein carrying an elastomeric weather seal 117 preferably having a hollow interior to add resiliency. This weather seal bulges from ledge 119 and engages with the sharp upper edge of the sealing rib 116 of the upper sash meeting rail sealing ledge 115 when the window is closed and forms therewith an eflective seal against the passage of air.

The lower weather-sealing section of the bottom rail 1% is of U-shaped cross-section and includes legs 120 and 121 depending from horizontal bridging member 104. The inner leg is received between the upwardly extending ribs 71 and 72 of the sill frame 25 when the window is closed, forming a weather-tight seal with weather stripping '74. A flange 122 extends inwardly from the bottom rail to be used as a handle for manipulating the window.

The horizontal rails have tube-like projections 123,

124, 125 and 126 extending along the laterally-outer side of their bridging members to receive the ends of screws 127 and 127', 128 and 128, 129 and 129', and 131) and 1313' passing through the side members 79 and- 79', and 89 and St), to secure the horizontal rails 98, 99, 100 and 1111 in abutting relationship with the ends of the side members 79, 79, 80 and 8-0. To enable the ends of the side members to fit against the rails, portions of the side members and of the horizontal rails are cut away to provide room for each other as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15.

The stiles 75, 76, 77 and 78 may be metal extrusions, preferably aluminum, and are generally U-shaped with runners 131 and 131' (see FIG. 8) joined at their laterally-inner ends by a base plate 132. There are longitudinally-extending grooves 133 and 133' formedin the base plate 132, opening laterally-inwardly and having a narrow neck, portions 134 and 134, leading from the laterally-inner face of the base plate to enlarged, circular cross-sectioned portions 135 and 135' of the grooves. These grooves receive resilient seals 94 and 95 which frictionally engage the sealing flanges 92 and 93 on the side members of the sashes and which are shaped to fit into the grooves and to present a convex laterally-inner surface toward the sealing flanges 92 and 93. Caps 136 and 136 (see FIGS. 14 and 15) are fitted into the open ends of the stiles to prevent the passage of air through the open channel between the stiles and the side frames 26 and 27.

The pivotal connection between the window sashes and stiles is provided by members 137, 138, 139 and 140 (see FIG. 1) each having a base 141 (see FIGS. 7 and 8) located in the laterally outer channels 85 of the side members of the sash and secured to the central bridging members 83 by screws or the like, and having a pivot pin 142 extending laterally-outwardly'from the base 141 and passing through an opening in a pivot block 143 of nylon or the like, fastened to the stile. To permit the pivot pins to pass through the stiles, an opening 144 of larger diameter than the pivot pins is provided in the base plate 132 of each stile in alignment with the opening through the pivot blocks 143. The opening 144 is larger than the pivot pin and the laterally-inner portion of the pivot block is collared down to fit into the opening. The openings in the pivot blocks have slightly larger diameters than the pivot pins to provide a clearance of, for example, 0.003-0.004 inch between them. The pivot pins 142 are retained in the pivot block 143 by compression spring means 149 and snap rings 150 engaging in grooves 151 cut into the distal portions of the pivot pins. The springs are compressed between the snap rings and the pivot blocks to provide resiliency permitting motion between the stiles and sashes along the pivot axis.

Two windowpanes are installed in each of the sashes (see FIG. 3), an outer, permanent windowpane 152 and an inner removable windowpane 153, the inner removable windowpane 153 being enclosed in a metal casing or channel member 154 to protect its edges. The outer permanent pane 152 of each sash is positioned in the sash against the flanges 86 of the side members and the flanges 107 of the rails forming the sash, in the space defined by the raised shoulders 89 and 108 and are held in place by a resilient bead 155. This bead has a generally L-shaped cross-section with a small groove 156 out out of the outside of the bend in the L. One leg of the bead 155 engages behind the shoulders 89 and 188 and the other leg presses against windowpane 152. The bead is held inwardly against the windowpane by pressure from the laterally-inner edges 90 and 112 of the plates 81 and 106 which may be turned slightly inwardly to engage in the grooves 156.

The metal casing or channel member 154 surrounding each inner removable windowpane 153 has four sides: a top section 157, an identical bottom section 158 and two identical parallel side sections 159 and 159, held together by corner clips 160,FIG. 4. Each of the four sections is generally H-shaped and includes an inner plate 161 and a rectangular tubular outer portion 162 having a groove 163 extending along its outer wall. Outer portion 162 is joined to the inner plate by a bridging portion 164, so as to form a groove 165 along its laterally-inner surface between the inner plate 161 and the outer portion 162. Groove 165 receives an inner removable windowpane which is sealed in the groove by a gasket 166. The groove 163 receives a resilient seal 167 for pressing against the flanges 86 of the side members of the sash and the flanges 107 of the rails of the sash. Resilient seal 167 preferably has a hollow interior to add resiliency, although any type of resilient material is suitable.

The inwardly-projecting handles 168 extend along the inner face of side sections 159 and 159' and facilitate manipulation of the channel member in inserting it in the window sash. To retain the channel member in the grooves 88 and 88' in the side members of the sash, the laterally outer ends of the inner plates of the side sections 159 and 159 are turned inwardly to form ribs 169 and 169 (see FIG. 3) which engage with the retaining shoulders 91 and 91 on the side members of the sashes to limit lateral movement of the channel member 154. No ribs corresponding to ribs 169 and 169' are provided orrthe top and bottom sections of the channel member s1nce there are no grooves in the horizontal rails 98, 99, 100 and 101 of the sashes corresponding to the grooves 88 and 88' of the side members of the sashes. The channel members are held in the grooves 88 and 88 and against the flanges 107 of the horizontal rails, this structure being provided to facilitate insertion and removal of the inner removable window 153.

To install an inner, removable window in a sash, one side of the channel member is inserted into the inner window-retaining groove 88 of one of the side members 79, 79', or 80, by pressing resilient seal 167 against the separator flange 86 to compress the seal 167 sufficient-ly for the rib 169 to clear the retaining shoulder 91, FIG. 3. The window is moved sideways into groove 88 and forward pressure on the channel member 154 is released permitting it to snap backward so that the channel member is retained inside the groove 88 and is restrained against sliding out by engagement of rib 169 against retaining shoulder 91. Then the other side of the channel member 154 is pressed against the separator flange 86 on the other side of the sash to compress the seal 167' until the rib 169 on this side of the channel member clears the retaining shoulder 91'. The Window is then moved sideways into the groove 88 on this side of the sash. When pressure on the window is released the channel member snaps back and rib 169' is engaged inside the groove 88' on this side of the sash by retaining shoulder 91. To remove this window, the procedure is reversed.

An assembled sash-stile unit is installed in the inner frame unit 2 by. pressing the stile 76 against the displaceable track 53 until the stile 75 at the other side of the window has cleared the right-hand side frame 27. The runners 131 and 131' are inserted into the concave liners 31 and 31' in which they are retained by pressure exerted against the opposite sides of the sash-stile assemblies by the displaceable track 53.

Additional weather-sealingair blocks 170 and 170' are provided between the end meeting rails 99 and 101 of the window sashes and the side frames 26 and 27. These air blocks 170 and 170' block the air passages defined by the opposing surfaces of the stiles 75, 76, 77 and 78, the meeting rails 99 and 101, and the side frames 26 and 27. Each air block includes a support 171 and a weather seal 172 (see FIGS. 9 and 10). The support has a pair of upper and lower plates 173 and 174 and a U-shaped spacer plate 175, the upper and lower plates preferably having laterally-outwardly projecting rear corners 176 which fit into the sides of the concave liners 29' and 30 to form a completely air-tight seal. Weather seal 172 is a pile fabric or other weather stripping mounted on a U-shaped backing member 177 with inwardly-turned ends 178 and the spacer plate has cut back sections 179 which receive the inwardly-turned ends 178. To mount the air block, supports 171 are fastened to the side frames 26 and 27 by screws passing through the base of the U-shaped spacer plates 175 and then the weather seals 172 on the U-shaped backing members 177 are fastened in place by snapping them over the sides of the U-shaped spacer plates 175, so that the inwardly turned ends 178 engage behind the cutback sections 179.

If desired, the outer, permanent windowpane may be assembled from several small panes of glass 180 held together by muntin bars 181, shown in FIG. 12. The muntin bar may be an extrusion and includes a pair of spaced parallel plates 182 and 183, oneof which is wider than the other, and a spacer plate 184 connecting the parallel plates. Small shoulders 185 and 185' extend diagonally outwardly into the openings 186 and 186 formed between the parallel plates to a point opposite the edges 187 and 187 of the narrower plate 182 which are turned slightly in toward the openings 186 and 186. A pane of glass is fitted against the wide plate 183 by an L-shaped resilient bead 188 having one leg pressed against the pane of .glass 1180 and the other leg engaged behind rib 185. The bent portion of the L-shaped bead 188 has a small groove 189 which fits around the turned-in edge 187 of the narrow plate 182, compressing the L-shaped head to retain the pane of glass in position.

7 In the modified form of air block shown in FIG. 18, the air block weather seal 190 is a pile fabric mounted on a u shaped metallic backing member 191. The weather seal fits around a support 192 which is a solid block of plastic material and the entire assembly is secured to the side frame 27 by a screw 193 passing through 9 the base portion of the U-shaped backing member 191 and the support 192. The air block may also be secured to the end portion of one of the stiles 75, 76, 77 or 73 instead of the side-frames 26 and 27.

in a further modification, shown in FIG. 19, the window is provided with a pivot lock shown generally at 194 to lock the window sashes to the stiles in a closed position, and, when the window sashes have been swung about their pivots to an open position, to lock the stiles to the window frame in a fixed vertical position. The pivot lock includes a slide member 195 in the form of a bar, having a small inwardly-projecting, L-shaped lever member 198 extendirr through a slot 3 9 in the inner runner 131 of the stile for manipulating the slide memher and slidably mounted for rectilinear movement laterally inwardly and outwardly through an opening in a block 196 which is fitted into the open space between the runners 131 and 131 of each of the stiles and riveted or otherwise secured thereto at a position above or below the pivotal connection between the sash and the stile and having a slot 2% aligned with the slot 199 for the lever member 193. A small flat spring 281 may be inserted between the slide member 195 and the block 196 to compensate for wear in the block and maintain a tight fit. There is an opening through the base plate 132 of the stile, aligned with the opening in the block 1% so that the slide member 195 may slide thereth-rough and into the open space between the sealing flanges 92 and 93 of the side member of the sash to lock the sash to the stile and prevent pivoting of the sash. To permit movement of the slide member 195 laterally-outwardly, there is an opening 197 in the side frame 27 and an opening 197 in the displaceable track members 53 and 54 between the grooves in which the runners 131 and 131' of the stile slide which is sufliciently large to receive the slide member 195. It may be necessary to have openings in the track springs 55 and 56 aligned with openings 1&7 in the displaceable tracks if the springs are in a position to interfere with the movement of the slide member 1%5 through opening 1%7'. When the slide member is positioned in opening 197, it prevents vertical movement of the sash-stile unit, and, if desired, the side frames may have several vertically-spaced openings so that the sashstile units may be locked in several positions. In order to restore the vertical sliding motion of the sash, once the sash is in a pivoted open position, the sash first must be restored to its vertical closed position and the slide member 195 then moved laterally and inwardly.

In use, the stile-sash units can slide vertically in their tracks and may be pivoted about their pivot pins. The plastic tracks provide smooth, easy sliding motion between the tracks and stiles and the pivoted windows are held in any pivoted position by pressure exerted by the seals 94 and 95 against the sealing flanges 92 and 3 of the side members of the sash. An exceptionally good weather seal results from the use of sealing flanges 92 and 93 having a grooved surface engaging with the convex seals 94,

and 95. These seals also cooperate with the pivot springs 149 so that when the window is closed, these springs exert a force which urges the sashes against the seals 94 and 95- to produce a completely weather-tight closure with a dead air space coming between the parallel seals, while, when the window is turned about its pivot, the pivot springs permit expansion of the space between the stiles and the sashes to permit the grooved portion of the sealing flanges 92 and 93 to cam over the convex resilient seals 94 and 95 and to reduce binding between the window sashes and the stiles and minimize the efiort required to pivot the window open. When the sashes are swung to a desired position, these springs urge the stiles towards the sashes so that the sealing flanges 92 and 93 on the sashes will engage against the seals 94 and 95 and the compression of the seals by the flat portions of the sealing flanges surrounding the grooves therein provide an increased frictional binding to prevent the window from swinging itself to another pivoted position. The use of parallel sealing flanges 92 and 93 and parallel seals 94 and 95 is also advantageous when the sash is pivoted since there are four points of contact between the sealing flanges and the seals on each side of the sash, each of the two seals crossing each of the two sealing flanges once. The resilient pivot coupling also eliminates the need for adjusting the pivot to provide a desired pressure between the seals 94 and 95 and the sealing flanges 9-2 and 93 and for readjust-ing this coupling as the seals wear out.

It will be observed that most of the parts employed in the window are extruded parts which preferably are aluminum or plastic which are easily extruded and which is light and durable. In fact, all parts which have different lengths for different sizes of window are extrusions. This is possible because of the design and arrangement of parts and results in a considerable saving since these parts may be extruded in long sections which 'oan be cut to size as needed for a particular window. At the same time, the use of plastic track surfaces eliminates any problem of aluminum parts binding against other aluminum parts on which they slide. These plastic tracks generally do not require lubricants.

A preferred embodiment of the invention has been described, but various modifications in the materials and details of construction can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the claims.

We claim: i

l. A pivoting window comprising a window frame, stiles at each side of the window frame, a window sash, means pivotally connecting said sash to said stiles, track means resiliently mounted between said window frame and one of said stiles permitting relative movement between one of said stiles and said window frame in the direction of the axis about which said window pivots, said pivotally connecting means including resilient coupling means between said sash and said stiles permitting relative movement between said window sash and said stiles along said pivot axis.

2. A pivoting window as set forth in claim 1 in which the means pivotally connecting said sash and said stiles comprises pivot pins secured to said sash and extending therefrom, pivot blocks in said stiles, said pivot pins extending through said pivot blocks, and in which said resilient coupling means comprises spring retaining means at the distal end of said pivot pins and spring means compressed between said pivot block and said spring retaining means.

3. A pivoting window as set forth in claim 1 including resilient weather seals between said sash and said stiles and extending along the opposing surfaces thereof.

4. A pivoting window as set forth in claim 1 including a pair of spaced, parallel, resilient weather seals between said sash and each of said stiles and extending along the opposing surfaces thereof. N

5. A pivoting window sash as set forth in claim 1 including resilient weather seals secured to said stiles and extending along the surfaces thereof facing said sash, the surfaces of said weather seals facing said stiles being convex, and the surfaces of said sash facing said stiles having grooves positioned to receive said convex seals when said window is pivoted to its closed position.

6. A sliding window comprising a window frame, track means at opposed sides of said window frame, runners slidably fitted against said track means and sl-idable therealong, -a window sash, means connecting said window sash to said runners, the track means at one of the opposed sides of said window frame including a track displaceable toward and away from said runners, said one of said opposed sides of said window frame having a track channel receiving said displaceable track, spring means urging said displacea-ble track against said runners, said channel having opposed outer and inner walls, and a resilient weather seal extending lengthwise of said channel and positioned between said displaceable track and one of the walls of said channel to urge said track toward the other of said walls.

7. A sliding and pivoting window comprising a window frame including a pair of opposed sides, a pair of stiles, each of said stiles being in sliding engagement with one of said opposed sides, a window sash pivotally mounted to both of said stiles, and a pivot lock comprising a block secured to one of said stiles and having an opening therethrough and a bar rectilinearly slidable in said opening in a direction toward and away from said side and said sash respectively, said side and said sash each having an opening positioned to selectively receive said bar, whereby said stile selectively may be locked to said window sash and to said window frame.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 622,927 Le Mon Apr. 11, 1899 664,993 Chmelitzek Jan. 1, 1901 919,520 Austin Apr. 27, 1909 938,193 Winslow Oct. 26, 1909 1,702,094 Silver Feb. 12, 1929 1,807,420 Lunz et a1. May 26, 1931 Peters Dec. 21, 193

Jorss June 14, 1938 Leary June 28, 1938 Levy-n June 23, 1942 Silverman May 25, 1943 Levyn Oct. 31, 1944 Grossman Mar. 29, 1955 Bell Feb. 28, 1956 'Banham May 15, 1956 Starck et a1. July 3, 1956 Sullivan May 7, 1957 Bingham May 28, 1957 Evans et al. Sept. 10, 1957 Hauck Nov. 12, 1957 Domino Dec. 17, 1957 Weber Mar. 25, 1958 Conrad May 20, 1958 Franzblau et a1 May 27, 1958 Barsotti Aug. 12, 1958 Davis May 12, 1959 Gillespie June 9, 1959 Knebel June 30, 1959 Rust et al Dec. 29, 1959 Levesey et a1. Apr. 26, 1960 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No, 3 105 576 October 1 1963 Willlflm E, Jones et a1 It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.

Column l line 43, for tracks" first occurrence, read track column 5 line 3 for "slide" read side line 30 for "said" read side same column 5, line 36, for "sides" read side I Signed and sealed this 7th day of April. 1964 (SEAL) Attest: EDWARD .I, BRENNER ERNEST Wo SWIDER Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents 

7. A SLIDING PIVOTING WINDOW COMPRISING A WINDOW FRAME INCLUDING A PAIR OF OPPOSED SIDES, A PAIR OF STILES, EACH OF SAID STILES BEING IN SLIDING ENGAGEMENT WITH ONE OF SAID OPPOSED SIDES, A WINDOW SASH PIVOTALLY MOUNTED TO BOTH OF SAID STILES, AND A PIVOT LOCK COMPRISING A BLOCK SECURED TO ONE OF SAID STILES AND HAVING AN OPENING THERETHROUGH AND A BAR RECTILINEARLY SLIDABLE IN SAID OPENING IN A DIRECTION TOWARD AND AWAY FROM SAID SIDE AND SAID SASH RESPECTIVELY, SAID SIDE AND SAID SASH EACH HAVING AN OPENING POSITIONED TO SELECTIVELY RECEIVE SAID BAR, WHEREBY SAID STILE SELECTIVELY MAY BE LOCKED TO SAID WINDOW SASH AND TO SAID WINDOW FRAME. 